Kilns

Kilns fire clay, glass and metal clay at high temperatures, and they range from small tabletop kilns for jewellery and glass fusing to larger kilns for pottery and ceramics. The first decision is what you will fire, because glass fusing and metal clay need lower temperatures and fast heating, while stoneware pottery needs high temperatures and a larger chamber.

Size and power are the next questions. Larger kilns hold more work but need a dedicated electrical circuit and a lot of space, while small kilns may plug into a standard outlet. Digital controllers with programmable firing schedules make results repeatable.

Ventilation and safety come next. Kilns release fumes and heat, so they need ventilation and clearance from walls, and they must sit on a non flammable surface.

Glass artists often choose a kiln with a large, shallow chamber and elements in the lid for even heating of flat work, while potters prefer taller chambers with side elements. Kiln shelves, posts and kiln wash protect the floor and support work during firing. Electrical installation for larger kilns should be done by an electrician. Many kiln makers offer classes and guides, which help new users learn safe firing practices.

Before buying, check the maximum temperature, the chamber size, the power requirements, the controller, the shelves and the warranty. Follow the maker's firing schedules, and never leave a firing kiln unattended until you know its behaviour.

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